What is storage multipathing, and how does it provide both redundancy and performance in a SAN environment? Describe how you would troubleshoot a situation where a server reports degraded storage performance due to a path failure.

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Storage multipathing is a technique that establishes multiple physical paths between a server and its storage array. These paths run through separate HBAs, SAN switches, and storage controller ports, creating redundancy at every point in the storage network.